Guru Purnima Essay speech in hindi, marathi, english for kids

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Guru Purnima Essay Speech in Hindi English marathi for Kids

It is wonderful to see many people gather here to pay their respects to their gurus on this auspicious day of guru purnima. In eastern religions, particularly in sanatana dharma or vedic dharma also known as Hindu religion, a guru is given a high position, even higher than God sometimes. A guru is given such a high position because his primary job is to help us accomplish the highest purpose of existence, not just the life.

Guru is typically translated as a teacher, a mentor, or a spiritual preceptor. His/her primary function is to impart Knowledge to his/her students or disciples. What knowledge is the Question. Or what is knowledge?

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The Sanskrit word for knowledge is jnana. It comes from the root word jna. Jna is perhaps a common root word for both jnana and the English word ‘know’. Jna and ‘know’ sound similar, don’t they? Jnana has been limited by Vedas only to the knowledge pertaining to individual soul (atma) and the supreme being (paramatma) – atma-paramatma sambandham. Knowledge about everything else is called ajnana. Ajnana doesn’t mean ignorance. It is the negative knowledge that takes you away from what needs to be known. There is also another word vijnana. Vijnana indirectly takes one towards the final goal. The distinction is very important. I will give an example. Carpentry has lot of knowledge in it. You can make living out of it, but nothing related to the supreme being or individual soul. So if it is used only for livelihood and enjoyment it is ajnana. However while providing livelihood it can also provide you the time and comfort needed to pursue the ultimate purpose. In this case the same knowledge is providing indirect support for achieving jnana. That is vijnana. Arts are good example of vijnana. Indians believe the primary goal of arts is to attain the Supreme Being. But it is indirect, so vijnana.

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One who teaches vijnana like science teacher, music teacher, or dance teacher is also called a guru. For distinction, let us call the guru who imparts vijnana as a vijnana guru, the other one that gives us true knowledge, a jnana guru. A jnana guru is also called a satguru. Sat means the Supreme being.

Om tat sat iti nirdEsaH brahmaNaH trividhaH smritaH

…Bhagavad Gita 

It means, om, tat, and sat are three (3) names of the Supreme being. Sat guru is one whose teachings are directed towards the sat, the Supreme Being. On the other hand, vijnana guru is also very important, because he provides indirect tools to accomplish the highest purpose. Both are essential to life. So when it comes to respecting or valuing a guru there is not much distinction between a vijnana guru and a jnana guru. 

The only difference is, you find a vijnana guru by yourself and jnana guru finds you. When an opportune moment arrives, when you are destined to meet your sat guru, he or she will come to you.

Imparting knowledge is not the only function of a guru. Everyone is familiar with the term karma. It is a grossly misunderstood word in the western world and mostly misunderstood in the Eastern world. Karma simply means the ‘sum total of the results of all actions performed by an individual’. Karma is like a mountain that was accumulated over countless births. Out of this accumulated karma a chunk is removed and set aside and that causes the present birth. This chunk of immanent karma, the karma within which we operate is responsible for this birth, it must be completely exhausted within this birth and nothing to be saved for future. This immanent karma is called prarabdha karma. The one left behind, the accumulated karma is called sanchita karma. There is another third type of karma called agaami karma or prospective karma. Prospective karma comes from our new actions that arise either from a reaction to the experience of immanent karma and/or driven by the mountain of sanchita karma. Of these three karmas, immanent karma or prarabdha karma must be exhausted within this birth, no exception what so ever. However, the only way to mitigate it or exhaust without really experiencing it is possible only through a satguru’s grace. This long intro of karma is to give you an idea of this important function of guru. I am pretty sure many people here have experienced such grace of guru. In fact, the primary reason most people among us seek a guru is this purpose of rescue from prarabdha.

So far, I told two (2) major functions of guru, namely, to remove ignorance and give knowledge and to remove karma. 

Ajnana dhwAnta rOdhAt, aGha pariharaNaat

Like these, there are eight (8) primary functions for a guru. Since a guru performs these 8 functions, Vedanta Desika, a preeminent Vaishnavite guru declares,

AchAryaH sadbhiH pratyupakaraNa dhiyA dEvavat syAdupAsyaH

---- Nyasa Vimshati

Meaning a guru should always be worshipped as if God. Where should we worship not like we worship a deity in a temple, but in our minds… “dhiyA”.

Here I brought another word Acharya. Acharya and guru are similar meaning words. Guru is much broader definition. There are many definitions one very meaningful is,

gukaraH aMdhakArasyAt rukarastannirOdhakrit |

aMdhakAranirOdhanAt gururiti abhidhEyatE ||

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‘Gu’ means the darkness of ajnana. ‘Ru’ means the one who dispels it by giving jnana. Guru means remover of negative knowledge. Acharya just describes another role of guru. It means ‘Acharati iti AchAryaH’. One who practices and then teaches is an Acharya. Acharya is one who walks his teachings.

To such a guru, the student owes an obligation. First, student must have faith in the guru that what the guru teaches is truth and correct. Then student should practice what guru asks him or her to practice. Without doing this there is no meaning for the learning process. Everyone agrees with that, right? This is the meaning of worshipping the guru in the mind. Unshakable faith in the teacher and practice what he or she says to the word.

Does guru also have an obligation then? Of course, he or she must impart knowledge, remove or help to remove any obstacles in front of the student and thirdly, ‘Átma sAmyAvasatvAt’, one meaning of which is, to make the student at least as good as himself or herself. This is the third of the eight functions I mentioned before. Thus, there are mutual obligations that form the basis for a teacher-student relationship. This is called guru-sishya sambandham. In olden days knowledge is transmitted orally from teacher to student. And guru as an Acharya would provide a live illustration both to clarify and to inspire the students. Thus students will learn from the examples and teachings. More likely than not, the students would become as good as the teacher.

Now the student must fulfill another obligation, that is to transfer this knowledge to the next generation. In sanatana dharma every individual must perform five (5) duties or five yagnas. Compulsory. One of them is called Rishi yagna. It means we owe a duty to the learned people of the past who gave knowledge to us. The duty is to learn it well and pass it on to the future generations. So the student should pay it forward by himself or herself teaching the same knowledge to the next generation. Of course, only a few people do that. But at least an ideal student must do that. 

So now the student has become a teacher. Like that there is a succession of gurus. This is called guru parampara. This chain cannot be broken. In all the Hindu traditional rituals, it is customary to say the lineage of gurus or the guru parampara.

Whenever Hindus take a sankalpam where they state the decision and purpose of doing something they always say ‘I’m performing such and such as an instrument in the hands of my Guru by the order of my guru, Acharya PurataH. And then they read the guru parampara. ‘Asmad grubhyO namaH, Asmad parama gurubhyO NamH…’

The guru parampara varies from tradition to tradition. For example, in Vaishanava Tradition, Narayana Rishi, one of the twin sages nara and narayana is believed as first guru or Adi guru. In nath tradition Swamy dattatreya is believed to be the adiguru. Those are the starting points of the guru lineage. 

Most Hindus regard sage Veda Vyasa as jagadguru, meaning, universal guru. He performed the highest task of compiling Veda and dividing the body into four (4) Vedas, Upanishads and also authored 18 puranas that clarify the principles mentioned in Vedas. After doing this extraordinary task he also wrote the epic Mahabharata and later authored 18 sub puranas or upa puranas. He taught all these to his students and sent them to propagate and preserve them well. That’s enormous service to humanity. That’s why we celebrate guru purnima on his birth day. Veda Vyasa was born on Ashadha Purnima, full moon day in the lunar month of Ashadha. It is also the day he completed brahms sutras, the aphorisms on Brahman. This is extraordinary and one of the most important works in Vedanta. 

Beginning from today a lot of gurus undertake a diksha or an observation for 4 months called chaturmasyam. For these four months, they stay at one place without wandering anywhere, studying, teaching and discoursing.

Students pay their respects to their gurus. We, Indian don’t have Mother’s day and Father’s day, but we have a guru’s day and also another Teacher’s day, which I believe a public holiday in India. That is the respect the culture has placed on a Teacher because the teacher-student relations is so vital to the learning process.

It’s not just paying respect. Teachers and student get together to discuss the progress they made the past year and chalk down what can be done in the next year.

Efforts of Sri Anagha Datta Society are really commendable in organizing this guru purnima observation. I’m certain that this will uphold the spirit of teacher-student relationship for Calgarians. Calgary has a wonderful tradition of keeping the classical art forms vibrant and alive. I hope the spirit of guru purnima will flow high among the teachers and students of Calgary thereby enriching everyone’s life

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